In 2012 a study was carried out at the request of the Department of Economy, Science and Innovation on the state of play of the bio-based economy (BBE) in Flanders in terms of quality and, wherever possible, in terms of quantity. This study also formulated policy recommendations for stimulating the further transition of the bio-based economy with increased focus on bio-based materials and chemicals, smaller production volumes and higher economic added value, and more employment. The results showed that the bio-based industry in Flanders is still limited, but growing. By updating the available figures this study aims to give a quantitative assessment of today’s bio-based economy in Flanders and to analyse trends, if any. In addition, changes and emphases in the current policy environment (Flemish and EU) as well as regional and international trends are discussed in greater detail.